Content
3 . 2017
Reviews

Dietary phospholipids: lipid metabolism and risk factors for cardiovascular diseases

Abstract
Eggs are a major source of phospholipids (PL) in the Western diet. Dietary PL have emerged as a potential source of bioactive lipids that may have widespread effects on pathways related to inflammation, cholesterol metabolism, and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) function. Based on pre-clinical studies, egg phosphatidylcholine (PC) and sphingomyelin appeared to regulate cholesterol absorption and inflammation. In clinical studies, egg PL intake is associated with beneficial changes in biomarkers related to HDL reverse cholesterol transport. Recently, egg PC was shown to be a substrate for the generation of trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO), a gut microbe-dependent metabolite associated with increased cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. More researches are warranted to examine potential serum TMAO responses to chronic egg ingestion and in different populations, such as diabetics. In this review, the recent basic science, clinical, and epidemiological findings examining egg PL intake and risk of CVD are summarized.

Bioactive proteins and peptides: current state and new trends of practical application in the food industry and feed production

Abstract
Proteins and polypeptides play a key role in the life of a human body. Scientific and practical interest to the natural proteinaceous substances could be explained by the diversity of their functions in metabolic processes. Biologically active substances of the protein origin have a rich history of applications in different sectors of the economy. In this case, the close relationship is observed between food industry, biomedicine and fodder production, because efficient conversion of feed protein in productive agricultural animals provides, as a result, the required level of metabolism in a human, as the main consumer of final products derived from these animals. Obviously, for normal growth, development and resistance to infectious agents, both people and farm animals need a constant consumption of L-amino acids in certain proportions and in available for absorption form. This review considers the bioactive polypeptides used in nutrition and food industry, main trends and practical approaches to generating protein products with the desired characteristics.
Hygiene of nutrition

The association of rs993609 polymorphisms of gene FTO and rs659366 polymorphisms of gene UCP2 with obesity among Arctic Russian population

Abstract
It is known that particular qualities of the prevalence of obesity, characteristic for the population of the Far North, are connected with the presence of genetic polymorphisms. The association of two polymorphisms (rs993609 of FTO gene and rs659366 of UCP2 gene) with obesity was studied in 175 people living on the territory of the Russian Arctic (Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous District). The incidence of obesity risk allele (A) of FTO gene rs9939609 polymorphism in the surveyed population of the Arctic (30.8%) was lower by 15% than that of the population of the central regions of Russia, Caucasian Americans and Europeans, but was higher by 18-20% than in Alaska inhabitants. The frequency of the A allele of the FTO gene was significantly 1.4-fold lower in indigenous Arctic people than in the alien population (p<0.05), that had significantly higher content of body fat (by 12%) than the indigenous population, including the Nenets (p<0.05). Positive association had been identified between T allele rs659366 polymorphism of UCP2 gene and obesity risk in the surveyed who lived in the Arctic zone. Thus, the inhabitants of the Far North revealed the presence of genetic variants that contribute to heat production.

Peculiarities of disorders in physical development of children consuming drinking water with increased nitrate content

Abstract
Peculiarities of physical development disorders in 334 children were examined in the course of comparative clinical-laboratory research; all these children consumed drinking water with various nitrates content (11.2 + 1.1 mg/l and up to 3.14 MPC, i.e. 141 mg/l), in a dose equal up to 9.0 mg/kg of body weight (RfD 1.6 mg/kg). A focus group consisted of 158 children agedfrom 3 to 10, a control group was made up of 176 children of the same age. Nitrates content in urine taken from children of focus group (49.22 ±11.69 mg/l) was 2.4 fold higher than the same parameter in control group (20.2+3.13 mg/l, р=0,001). Under exposure to nitrates consumed with drinking water endocrine system diseases were detected 1.7-2.1 fold more frequently, and physical development disorders, 2.5-4.3 fold more frequently, than in control group (р=0.02- 0.05). We detected authentic correlation between nitrate excretion with urine and deviations in physical development in children consuming drinking water with nitrogenous compounds content which was higher than MPC; such deviations were ICD: Е44-Е46 - mild protein-energy malnutrition, Е34.4 - excessive height, Е67.8-Е66.0 -excessive nutrition, OR=2.35, DI=1.22-4.53). Explained variance fraction amounted to 42-75% (R2 = 0.42-0.75; 64.9≤F≤162.3, р=0.001). Changes in thyroid gland volume were detected 2.4 fold more frequently, and changes in its structure 2.5 fold more frequently, in focus group than in control group (р=0.049). We determined statistically significant correlation between thyroidal disorders and nitrate content in urine (OR=3.52; DI=1.73-7,0), with factor contribution level reaching 52% (R2=0.52; F=173.3; р=0.001). We detected that 34% of children from focus group had thyrotrophic hormone level 1.2 fold higher than physiological standard and the same parameter in control group (р=0.02). And also free thyroxin level was near age physiological standard in 23.4% of examined children which was 1.2 fold lower than in control group (p=0.05). The research revealed that methemoglobinemia with tissue respiration abnormalities and disorders in liver enzyme system functioning followed by protein-energy malnutrition (ICD: E44.1-E46), were the most relevant for younger children (under 6 years) and children suffering from functional gastrointestinal pathologies. As for older children (6-10 years) we observed mostly disorders in neuroendocrine regulation, thyroid gland, and antioxidant protection, in them together with somatic development potentiation and growth in weight-height parameters (ICD: Е66.0-Е67.8). It has been established that reduced thyroid supply, disorder of tissue respiration and antioxidant balance, and dysregulation of hypophysial-adrenal homeo-stasis section provide the basis for the formation of disturbances in physical development and endocrine pathology in children being under oral exposure to nitrates.

Non-alcoholic beverages: russian priorities

Abstract
The article presents data of a survey of 11 850 persons of both sexes and various age groups (from 12 to 60 years) conducted in all Federal Districts of Russia, from 2013 to 2016. The analysis of consumption by the population of various widely consumed beverages, including different types of tea, low-calorie and dietary carbonated soft drinks and waters from various sources, was conducted and an analysis of the possible correlation between their frequency of consumption and body mass index (BMI) was carried out. It has been established that practically in all groups questioned about 10-15% of persons of various Federal districts and ages consume tap water. At the same time, the number of people consuming filtered, bottled water has significantly increased. In all age groups, except for a group of people aged 12-17 years, the consumption of tea by female obese women was 10-13% less than in the male group, and almost all groups with normal BMI consumed tea more often, than men. At the same time, there were no gender differences in the consumption of tea by individuals with a BMI of 25-30. There was no correlation between consumption of low-calorie, dietary carbonated soft drinks and BMI. Only in the group of people aged 31-45 years, gender differences were found, while in this group of people it was shown that obese men were about 3 times more likely than women to use these drinks (67.7 vs 25.0%).

Frequency of consumption of sweet carbonated drinks by the population of different age groups of the Russian Federation

Abstract
The article analyzes the frequency of consumption of sweet carbonated beverages by various age groups (from 12 to 60 years) of the population of all Federal districts of Russian Federation. The presence of general regularities in the frequency of consumption of these drinks, regardless of the region, was established. About 5-8% of the population of different age and sex groups consumed sweet carbonated drinks with a fairly high frequency (5-6 times a week). The analysis showed that there was no dependence of the body mass index on the frequency of consumption of carbonated beverages and the absence of gender and age differences.
Diet treatment

Assessment of clinical efficacy and tolerability of meat-containing canned food for enteral nutrition

Abstract
Aim of study: to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of meat-containing canned food for enteral nutrition in clinical settings in patients with gastrectomy. The product was made from animal protein (beef) with the addition of vegetable oils, soy protein, maltodextrin, stabilizer, vitamins and minerals. 40 patients with gastrectomy were included to the study and randomly formed 2 groups of 20 persons: the main group (8 men and 12 women, mean age 64.4± 12.4 years) on the background of standard mashed diet for 14 days received 2 portions of the tested product (240 ml), the control group (5 men and 15 women, mean age 64.8±12.9 years) was treated with standard diet. Daily registration of the symptoms was carried out filling the 5-point scale of the Likert (the presence and severity of abdominal pain, flatulence, heartburn, nausea, a feeling of heaviness after eating, incomplete evacuation of the intestine). The Bristol stool scale was used to assess the dynamics of the stool. Laboratory parameters (hemoglobin, blood serum level of total protein, albumin and iron) and body composition parameters were evaluated before and after treatment. Consumption of meat-containing canned food for enteral nutrition was accompanied by significant decrease in the severity of nausea (from 1.20±0.29 to 1.02±0.05 points of the Likert scale, p=0.017), a decrease in abdomen heaviness (from 1.8±0.8 to 1.4±0.6 points, p<0.05), contributed to an improvement in stool consistency, an increase in all body composition parameters, a positive dynamic of protein metabolism (increase of hemoglobin level from 119.2±9.6 to 122.6±6.8 g/l, p>0.05, blood serum protein and albumin). A tendency to increase the mental component of the quality of life (+4.2%) was found. Thus, meat-containing canned foods for enteral nutrition can be used in the diet of patients in the postoperative period, they are well tolerated in conditions with loss of appetite, are effective in patients with protein-energy malnutrition.

The metabolic correction of the experimental alloxan diabetes by means of the antioxidant remedies

Abstract
The research concerning the effect of the remedies with the different antioxidant mechanisms on the indices of carbohydrate and lipid metabolism as well as the thiol link of the antioxidant system and the functional detoxication system in modeling conditions of the decompensated alloxan diabetes mellitus have been presented. The research was performed on 105 white nonlinear male-rats with initial body weight (b.w.) 200-230 g, divided into seven groups. Group 1 has consisted of the intact animals. Group 2 (the comparison group) has consisted of the animals suffering from the severe alloxan diabetes mellitus (intraperitoneal administration of alloxan monohydrate at 10 mg/100 g b.w. three times, with an interval of one day, against fasting) without correction. In groups 3-7 diabetes mellitus has also been modeled. The animals of group 3 were fed by the diet with the supplement containing the antioxidant complex with high content of carotenoid substances (1 mg lutein per day, orally for a month before simulations of diabetes mellitus and for a month after). The animals of group 4 have been given the sodium dichloroacetate (15 mg/100g bw) with drinking water for the month before and a month after the modeling of diabetes. The animals of group 5 have been injected with the reduced glutathione (15 mg/100 g of b.w.) daily one week prior to administration of alloxan and until the end of the experiment, the animals of group 6 have been injected with the quercithin (10 mg/100 g of b.w.) and the rats of group 7 have been given the water with the reduced content of deuterium (91 mg/l) instead of the usual drinking water. The development of experimental alloxan diabetes mellitus in rats has been accompanied by the increase in blood plasma of glucose concentration by 6.9-fold, cholesterol and lipoproteins of low density by 66 and 100% respectively. The compensatory activity increase of the antiradical protective enzymes (glutathione peroxidase and glutathione reductase) as well as the concentration decrease of reduced glutathione in erythrocytes by 11% have been revealed. According to the data concerning the level of the molecules with medium and low mass in blood plasma as well as in erythrocytes, the evident endogenous intoxication has taken place. The performed researches have proved the presence of the significant hypoglycemic effect of the usage of sodium dichloroacetate, of the water with the reduced content of deuterium and of quercithin - the glucose concentration in these groups was lower than in the comparison group by 36, 33 and 47% respectively. In the same groups as well as in the group of rats injected with glutathione the hypolipidemic effect of various manifestation degree has been detected, the most evident in animals from group 7 in which all the indices except triglycerides haven't differed from indices of the control group. The usage of various corrective methods has also assisted the adequate functioning of the antioxidant system that has been proved by the normalization of glutathione content except of groups 3 and 6 in which its concentration was lower than the control indices by 25 and 12% respectively. Endogenous intoxication has been significantly lower in groups 4, 5 and 7 in which the level of molecular of medium and low mass in blood plasma was normal and only in erythrocyte mass was increased by 49-74% than in the control group. Thus, the data obtained prove the usage availability of the antioxidant remedies in the complex therapy in patients suffering from the diabetes mellitus. The most interesting is the usage of antioxidants with the indirect mechanism of action, i.e. the water with the reduced content of deuterium and sodium dichloroacetate. Quercithin and the reduced glutathione deserve attention as well, and considering the hypoglycemic effect of the first one and the metabolic effects of glutathione aimed at the functioning maintenance of the non -specific organism resistance, the possibility of the combined usage of both antioxidants should be taken into account.

Alternative food for рatients with allergy to the egg

Abstract
Patients suffering from food allergy/food intolerance of eggs need alternative products that do not cause allergic reactions. The purpose of the research: to evaluate guinea fowl egg and meat tolerance among children with chicken egg allergy. There has been conducted single-centre prospective research into intolerance of the products. Appearance or increase in skin or gastrointestinal allergic symptoms was registered; the concentration of specific IgE antibodies against chicken egg and meat in blood serum was assessed. As alternative products, the children were offered guinea fowl egg and meat; these products were given to them during 14 days. In the research 40 children (23 girls and 17 boys) from the age of 8 months to 1.5 years old took part; all children were diagnosed with atopic dermatitis, one of its triggers was chicken egg. Exacerbation of skin allergy was connected with eating chicken egg, which was confirmed by the results of the allergy examination. 28 (70.0%) children were diagnosed as having the mild form of atomic dermatitis, while 12 (30.0%) patients had the moderate form of atomic dermatitis. At the beginning of the research the patients were divided into 2 equal groups (each group of 20 patients). The first group consisted of the children aged 8 moths - 1.5 years old who received 1/2 guinea fowl egg every other day. The second group consisted of the patients aged 1.5-3 years old who received 60-90 grams fowl egg meat per day. The research has revealed that the children showed tolerance of guinea fowl egg and meat, the majority of the patients did not experience any skin or gastrointestinal allergic reactions. It has also been shown that at the end of the research the majority of the children (73.3%) had a decrease in concentration of specific IgE antibodies against chicken egg and meat in blood serum. According to the allergy examination, 8 (26.7%) children experienced an increase in skin sensitization to chicken egg and meat, which coincided with exacerbation of skin allergy. Thus, the examined products can be used as alternative products for those children who suffer from food allergy/food intolerance of chicken egg and meat.
Vitaminology

Vitamin status of rural residents, living in Russian Arctic

Abstract

The aim of this cross-sectional observational study was to estimate vitamin D, B2, A, E, β-carotene (BC) status in rural residents, living in Russian Arctic (Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Area). 216 healthy adults (166 women, 50 men, 45.4+0.8 years old; BMI 27.5±0.5 kg/m2), 76% aboriginal ethnicity and 24% non-aboriginals subjects have been surveyed in spring 2016. Nenets were 72% among the surveyed, Russians - 14%, other ethnic groups - 14%. A total of 69 and 78% of subjects had 25(OH)D and BC blood serum concentrations less than the recommended target threshold of 30 ng/ml and 20 Mg/dL respectively. Deficiency of vitamins B2, A and E, when blood serum concentrations of riboflavin <5 ng/ml, retinol <30 Mg/dL and tocopherols <0.8 mg/dL, were found in 34, 15 and 13% of participants, respectively. The indigenous population was better supplied with vitamins D and B2. The lack of these vitamins was detected 1.3 and 1.8 fold less often (p<0.05) than in the non-aboriginals; whereas non-aboriginals were better provided with vitamin A and BC: the deficiency of these micronutrients was detected 3.1 and 1.8 fold less often (p<0.05) than in the inhabitants. In general, only 2.4% of those surveyed were sufficiently supplied with all 4 studied vitamins and BC. The frequency of deficit of one or two vitamins was revealed in 62.2%, combined deficiency of 3 or more vitamins was detected in 35.4%. There were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of combined multivitamin deficiencies among the indigenous and non-aboriginals. High incidence of vitamin A deficiency in the indigenous female population (21%) along with insufficiency of vitamin B2 in female non-aboriginals (48%), the lack of vitamin E in men (22%) and vitamin D and BC in 70-78% of the surveyed dictate the need for targeted enrichment of the diet of people living in extreme conditions of the Russian Arctic with multivitamin complexes.

Food quality control and safety

Modeling of the in vitro melanoid formation reaction on the interaction of protein hydrolysate of chicken egg and glucose

Abstract

Food production technologies, including heat treatment, are often accompanied by a change in their organoleptic characteristics (color, taste and aroma) due to the forma­tion of colored substances as a result of the melanoidin reaction. The authors simulated the reaction of melanoidin formation in vitro using the example of the interaction of the hydrolyzate of a chicken egg protein and glucose to determine the content of amino acids depending on the conditions for carrying out this reaction. The egg protein (0.2 g) was subjected to acid hydrolysis for 24 hours at 80 °C. Then the hydrolyzate was neutral­ized (vend=100 см3) and the initial amino acid content was determined therein. In each sample (30 см3), 4.5 g of glucose was added to the hydrolyzate to obtain a 15% solution of glucose in the hydrolyzate. The effect of temperature (50, 70 and 90 °C), time (10, 30 and 50 min), pH (pH 2, 7 and 12) on the amino acid content in the hydrolyzate as a result of the melanoidin reaction has been studied. The determination of the amount of amino acids was carried out using high performance liquid chromatography with precolumnar derivatization using o-phthalaldehyde. As a result of the studies on modeling the melanoidin reaction, the following regularities were revealed: when the temperature of the Mayyar reaction increased, the concentrations of GLU, SER, HIS, THR, ARG, ALA, CYS, VAL, MET, LEU, and LYS decreased. At the same time, with an increase in the duration of the reaction, an increase in the concentration of SER, THR, VAL, MET, ILE, LEU was observed. Variations in the concentration of amino acids in the reaction medium with increasing temperature were characteristic for ASP, GLY, TYR, PHE, ILE, and with increasing the reaction time for ASP, GLU, HIS, GLY, ARG, ALA, TYR, CYS, PHE, LYS. Other things being equal, the process of melanoid formation most fully pro­ceeded in an alkaline medium at pH 12. Thus, the study of the effect of the experimental conditions showed that during the melanoidin formation, the content of certain amino acids (including essential amino acids) decreases and, consequently, the nutritional value of the product decreases. As a result of this reaction, from 20 to 50% of free amino acids are lost, and with increasing temperature and increasing the duration of heating, these losses increase. The obtained data are important to take into account when developing new food technologies with the maximum preservation of their chemical composition, nutritional value and consumer properties.

Evaluation of the organoleptic and microbiological quality indicators of wheat bread with edible coating containing probiotic microorganisms

Abstract
Wheat bread coated with edible coating containing probiotic microorganisms (Bifidobacterium bifidum, Propionibacterium freudenreichii, Lactococcus lactis subsp. diacetilactis, Streptococcus thermophilus) in its composition has been studied. Change of microbiological contamination of bread during storage, the presence of lactic acid bacteria, mold fungi and yeast, as well as bread microbial resistance were tested. It was noted that Quantity of Mesophilic Aerobic and Facultative Anaerobic Microorganisms (QMAFAnM) in the bread with probiotic was lower than in bread without additives throughout the storage (4.5χ102 compared to 4.5χ103 CFU/g after 48 h storage). The number of lactobacilli in the test sample during storage reduced by 2 orders of magnitude (from 1x105 to 9.3 x103 CFU/g after 48 h storage), indicating the possibility of their use in edible coatings. Comparative of organoleptic evaluation of uncoated and coated bread shown that the use of the coating does not alter the organoleptic properties of bread. Generally, these results suggests the possibility of usage of probiotics in the composition of edible coating of bakery products.

Microbial stabilization of grain raw material using silver nanoparicles

Abstract

The paper covers the use of colloidal solutions of silver nanoparticles (SNP) as an antimicrobial agent in the processing of grain raw materials. The purpose of the study was to study the effect of SNP on bacterial and fungal microorganisms, contaminating grains, and to select effective antimicrobial concentrations of SNP solutions. The effect of SNP on the quantitative and qualitative composition of grain microbiota has been studied. The total content of silver particles in the wort obtained from the treated barley grain was monitored by atomic adsorption spectrometry. The working concentrations of the preparation of SNP stabilized with chitosan have been determined, which provided bacteriostatic and fungistatic effects. A method is described for reducing the content of SNP in grain, which has been treated with antimicrobial agent, for its further use in fermentation operations, bakery. Based on the data obtained during the disinfection of wheat grain with SNP, a mathematical model was constructed that reflected the degree of influence of the content of SNP on the change in the number of microorganisms per gram of grain mass. In order to improve the safety of the treated grain, the removal of nanoparticles from the grain mass immediately prior to its use is recommended to be carried out by an alkaline treatment, which prevents colloidal silver from entering the product of processing. To do this, barley samples containing 0.092 g/kg SNP were kept in 0.15% NaOH solution for 1-5 hours, the alkali was drained and the grain washed with water. The 12% barley wort prepared under laboratory conditions was filtered and the silver content was measured. It is shown that the alkaline treatment of barley allows the removal of a significant amount of colloidal silver from the grain mass and prevents its entry into the wort. At the maximum processing time, the silver content in the raw material decreased more than 400 times. Thus, the total silver content of 100 g of grain is less than 0.025x10-3 g, which is below the allowable maximum daily consumption level of silver (0.070x10-3 g).

Chemical composition of foodstuffs

The micronutrient value of byproducts of malting barley

Abstract

Currently, one of the measures to address the issue of enrichment of macro and micro-nutrients of food is the attraction and use of by-products of food processing industries. By-products of malt production - malt sprouts and malt bran are promising raw material for the production of enriched and functional foods due to their high nutritional value. The article presents the results of studies of vitamin and mineral composition of malt sprouts and malt bran. The malt sprouts had high content of vitamins (mg%): thiamine -0.52±0.15, riboflavin - 0.34±0.06, pyridoxine - 0.61±0.12, niacin - 5.55±0.16 and vitamin E - 3.62 ± 0.90; minerals and trace elements (mg%): potassium - 1364±17, phos­phorus - 606±10, calcium - 339±8, magnesium - 194±3, iron - 11.2 ± 0.3, manganese -1.65±0.02, copper - 0.18±0.01 and molybdenum - 0.106±0.010. 100 g of malt bran contained 0.43±0.05 mg% of thiamine, 0.21±0.05 mg% of riboflavin, 0.54±0.12 mg% of pyridoxine, 4.91±0.21 mg% of niacin and 3.05±0.37 mg% of vitamin E. Among the minerals potassium (1789±13 mg%), phosphorus (1020±14 mg%), calcium (527±10 mg%) and magnesium (295±1 mg%) prevailed, among trace elements iron (13.7±1.2 mg%), manganese (1.32±0.02 mg%), molybdenum (0.043±0.003 mg%) pre­vailed. A study of the antioxidant properties of the by-products of malt production has shown that antioxidant activity of malt and malt bran in the hydrophilic fraction was 44.50±2.64 and 37.91 ± 1.89 TEQ/g dry matter, respectively; in the lipophilic fraction -1.30±0.15 and 1.20±0.09 TEQ/g dry matter, respectively. Identified phenolics determin­ing antioxidant activity of hydrophilic fraction were rutin, chlorogenic and ellagic acids. Qualitative and quantitative study of the content of tocopherols and tocotrienols found the presence of alpha-, beta- and gamma-vitamers in the composition of malt and malt bran. The data obtained on the content of vitamins and minerals in malt sprouts and malt bran allow positioning them as functional ingredients. The presented experimental data array may be used when designing functional foods with the addition of malt sprouts and malt bran.

Vegetables are products and raw material for functional nutrition

Abstract

In this review the data on the content of the most common biologically active substances in vegetable crops are presented. The emphasis has been given on the breeding of vegetable crops with a high content of biologically active substances, which can be used whether as a product or as raw material for functional nutrition. The varietal specificity of vegetable crops for capacity to accumulate the substances with antioxidant activity is shown. In the VNIISSOK, the onion varieties («cherniy princ», «azelros», «alba», «ranniy rosoviy», «alvina» and «delikates») with 1.92-2.33 % of falavonoids were developed. The anthocyan content in the eggplant fruits is 0.021-0.217 g/kg. The hot pepper varieties «volshebniy buket», «ognennaya deva», «chudo Podmoscovia», «ognennyy vulkan», and «viziry» are good sources of vitamin C (2652 mg/100 g of dry mass), capsaicin (47 mg/100 g of dry mass), and total dry matter (18.4%). From the cultivars of paprika «mayak» and «udalets» the dry powder was obtained, which can be used as functional food with high antioxidant activity due to supplementation with selenium. This dry powder has a protection against tumor growth of carcinoma when it was added in mouse diet. The pumpkin varieties «rossiyanka», «konfetka», «premiera», and «Olga» are characterized by high content of carotenoids (21-27.1 mg/100 g). The tomato varieties «malinka» and «lotos» are sources of lycopene (31.4-32.3 mg/100 g of dry mass).

Information

Resolution of Research-to-practice conference with international participation “Vitamin-mineral complexes in nutritional management” (Moscow, April 26, 2017)

Abstract

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CHIEF EDITOR
CHIEF EDITOR
Viktor A. Tutelyan
Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Scientific Director of the Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety (Moscow, Russia)

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