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2 . 2017

Antioxidant status of sportsmen performing measured physical loading during recreational periods

Abstract

The purpose of the current scientific work was to study the condition of antioxidant status in sportsmen of different specializations and degree of training during measured physical training and recreational periods. 71 male sportsmen (18-25 years old) were studied. The control group included 15 practically healthy student volunteers of the same age who did not train. Physical loading was a cardiac stress test. Blood was taken by means of venipuncture in the condition of rest 5 and 30 minutes after work on a biological display stand in the volume of 13 500-27 000 kgf x m. Biochemical investigations were performed in blood plasma and erythrocytes. They included measuring of ascorbic acid, α-tocopherol, caeruloplasmin, antiradical activity, intensity of chemiluminescence in consider of general antioxidant activity, enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione reductase. Comprehensive analysis of lipoprotein fractions was performed taking into consideration diagnostic rates. Dependence of the antioxidant status of sportsmen on the degree of training and specializations was determined. Thus, at rest higher content of blood plasma ascorbic acid in well-trained sportsmen (more than 23.2% in acyclic kinds of sports and 11.9% in cyclic kinds of sports) was revealed. In highly qualified sportsmen the content of this vitamin was lower by 19.6%. Also the well-trained sportsmen have lower values of erythrocyte antioxidant enzyme activities. α-tocopherol blood plasma level and glutathione peroxidase activity as well as antioxidant enzyme activity in general corresponded with blood plasma content of ascorbic acid. Blood plasma decrease of ascorbic acid in all studied groups and α-tocopherol in non-trained group was noted after dosage physical loading and recreational periods. At the background of changes of various sorts of activity of enzyme antioxidants and indicators of deep analysis of lipoprotein spectrum protection was stressed. Recommendations on sport nutrition enrichment with vitamins and mineral substances of antioxidant action were developed.

Keywords:antioxidants, antioxidant protection, free radical oxidation, lipoproteins, physical activities

Voprosy pitaniia [Problems of Nutrition]. 2017; 86 (2): 23-31. doi: 10.24411/0042-8833-2017-00030.

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CHIEF EDITOR
CHIEF EDITOR
Viktor A. Tutelyan
Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Scientific Director of the Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety (Moscow, Russia)

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