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4 . 2016

Streptozotocin induced diabetes rat models

AbstractThe introduction of chemical compounds in diabetes modeling can't adequately reflect the development of the disease. However, the choice of an experimental model of diabetes type 1 or 2 is largely determined by the purpose of the research: testing of pharmacological activity, genetic research or clarifying the mechanisms of disease development. The high cost of respective genetic lines of laboratory animals, the complexity of reproduction of the model, the special conditions of care and a high degree of inbreeding determine the necessity for the development, testing, and improvement of non-genetic models. The most widely used chemical models of type 1 diabetes in modern experimental diabetology are alloxan models and of type 2 or mixed type diabetes are streptozotocin models. Sensitivity to the introduction of the diabetogenic compounds can essentially depend on the species, but also on animal genetic line and its age. The results of studies in which the injection of streptozotocin (STZ) to laboratory animals (mice and rats) simulated type 2 diabetes are shown. It is noted thatpre-treatment with nicotinamide can simulate the state more appropriate to type 2 diabetes. Taking into account the leading role of abdominal obesity as a risk factor for type 2 diabetes, considerable attention in the article is paid to the modeling of type 2 diabetes by STZ-injection and high-fat diet. As alternative models of a type 2 diabetes in rodents also induce by streptozotocin injection and high fructose diet. The combined effect of low dose STZ and high fructose diet allows in relatively short period induce the development of type 2 diabetes in rats. It is concluded that the modeling of diabetes by STZ injection are widely demand for the optimization screening of biologically active substances with antidiabetic action in experiments in vivo and is a step before their clinical trials in the composition of specialized preventive and therapeutic products.

Keywords:experimental model, diabetes, streptozotocin

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CHIEF EDITOR
CHIEF EDITOR
Viktor A. Tutelyan
Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Scientific Director of the Federal Research Centre of Nutrition, Biotechnology and Food Safety (Moscow, Russia)

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